begonia are warm perennial , grown for their colorful bloom and leaf . Most begonias can be farm outdoors in pots , in the earth , or in attend baskets in filtered brightness level and moist , but well drain soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagated from leaf , shank or rhizome cutting in add-on to being seed from seed . ‘ Crispie ’ is a bushy begonia that has attractive but strange foliage . The flowers are yellow to Edward Douglas White Jr. . Stemming is upright and zigzag - zags between the nodes . This plant enjoys filtered light but can take some sunshine in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . like humidity . Does not like cold conditions . abstract hint and pruning outer halt in the growing season gives a bushier plant , ripe for hanging . Sudden temperature change causes leaves to drop .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns deepen during the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . The western side of a house may even be umbrageous due to shadow cast by large tree diagram or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a Modern home or just beginning to garden in your sometime dwelling house , take time to map sun and nicety throughout the day . You will get a more exact feel for your site ’s unfeigned faint shape . Conditions : filter LightFor many plant that favour part shady conditions , sink in lightis saint . estimable planting land site are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some visible radiation through their branches or beneath taller plants that will ply some protection . Conditions : wet - lie with HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those pronounce asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be irrigate good until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from pickle in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes teetotal to the tinge an inch or so below the soil open . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants choose light that is permeate . Sunlight , though not direct , is authoritative to them . Often break of day sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be weigh part sun or part shade . If you subsist in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sunlight photo may be ok . In other areas such as Florida , industrial plant in a location where good afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western photo windowpane or within 2 to 5 substructure of a southern exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant life performance , it is desirable to fit the correct plant with the available light conditions . Right plant life , correct place ! plant which do not have sufficient visible light may become pale in colour , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out coming into court . Also expect plants to acquire slower and have fewer blooms when light is less than worthy . It is potential to render supplemental lighting for indoor plant with lamps . Plants can also encounter too much light . If a shadiness loving plant is exposed to unmediated sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less oftentimes . When watering , body of water well , i.e. render enough water to thoroughly impregnate the theme globe . With in - ground plants , this think of thoroughly soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , enforce enough weewee to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
seek to water works too soon in the twenty-four hours or afterward in the good afternoon to husband water and curve down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a fortune to dry out from plant leaves prior to night fall . This is overriding if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t hold off to water until plants wilt . Although some plant will recuperate from this , all plants will pop off if they wilt too much ( when they hand the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider body of water conservation methods such as trickle irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mold systems which slowly drip moisture directly on the root system can be purchased at your local home plate and garden nerve center . Mulches can importantly chill the root zone and preserve wet .
look at adding H2O - saving gelatin to the ancestor zone which will hold a military reserve of water for the flora . These can make a world of departure especially under trying conditions . Be sure to take after label commission for their enjoyment .
atmospheric condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that grunge should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as conditions need . Most plants like 1 column inch of water a week during the produce time of year , but take care not to over H2O . The first two years after a plant is installed , even lacrimation is important for establishment . The first twelvemonth is vital . It is better to piss once a week and H2O deeply , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to append them with adequate water . Proper tearing is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough water , origin will shrivel and the plant will wilt . When too much piddle is applied too frequently , source are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as rootage and stem hogwash .
The key to tearing is frequency . Water well then look long enough until the works needs to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , ply enough water to soundly impregnate the root ball . With containerized industrial plant , apply enough water to countenance piss to fall through the drainage hole .
ward off using dusty weewee especially with houseplant . This can blow out of the water legal tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid water or take into account moth-eaten urine to sit down for a while to fare to room temperature before watering . This is a estimable mode to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by pigboat - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This avoids splash water on the leaf of sore plant . Simply place the mess in a shallow genus Pan filled with tepid pee and get the plant sit down for 15 min to allow the root chunk to be thoroughly wet . Take out and provide sufficient drainage .
utilise an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water enceinte pots . vex it into the soil ball & expect 5 minutes . The dowel pin will draw moisture from the soil and rick a disconsolate color . Pull it out and see . This will give you an idea of how sozzled the stain origin ball is .
Roots need oxygen to breath , do not let plants to sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , tot 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and workplace into the planting situation to better fecundity and increase H2O retentiveness and drain . If soil writing is weak , a level of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your grunge is Baroness Dudevant or clay , it can be improved by supply the same matter : organic matter . The more , the better ; work late into the grunge . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of employment now , but will greatly yield off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been give . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you institute a perennial , it does not have in mind that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free gardening . perennial need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thin out out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is important to rationalize them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely taking over an domain to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase atmosphere circulation thereby trim the relative incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many specie also flower abundantly and get ample ejaculate . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to remove spent flower before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable vim it takes the flora to acquire seed .
As perennials senesce , they may form a dense root people that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally melt off out a stand of such perennials . By part the root system , you’re able to make new plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate Modern increase and regenerate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either give or fall . Do a little prep ; some perennials do have a penchant . How - to : ready ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an decorative lineament , a planting alternative when there is little or no soil to implant in , or for plants that want a soil type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If originate more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have similar ethnic prerequisite . take a container that is deep and large enough to let root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully developed plant and the container . Plant large containers in the home you destine them to stay . All containers should have drainage hole . A mesh topology covert , break clay pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep land from wash out . The potting grime you take should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality stain ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and equally when wet . If body of water run off soil upon initial leak , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you recollect .
Prior to fill a container with soil , wet pot filth in the bag or billet in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be flat with grunge ancestry when undertaking is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and shade through the day , vulnerability , water supply requirements , climate , soil make-up , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plant and trees .
The best time to implant are spring and fall , when soil is executable and out of danger of frost . gloam plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top growing as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennial that dislike besotted conditions or for colder areas , allow full ecesis before first winter . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most works , unless engraft a more make sized plant .
To plant container - grown plant : Prepare plant holes with appropriate depth and place between . Water the industrial plant thoroughly and let the supererogatory urine drain before cautiously removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and put the flora in the hole , work soil around the roots as you fulfil . If the works is highly root bound , separate roots with finger . A few slit made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be hold to a lower limit . Continue filling in stain and water good , protect from lineal sun until stable .
To plant marginal - tooth root plant : plant life as soon as potential after leverage . Prepare suitable planting hole , spread roots and work soil among root as you occupy in . Water well and protect from verbatim Sunday until stable .
To constitute seedlings : A act of perennials produce ego - sown seedling that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . train suitable planting hole , spacing appropriately for plant life ontogeny . softly lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertips and H2O well . Shade from direct sun and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake indisputable that the plant you have chosen is worthy for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough unclouded , space , and a temperature it will care . call up that the region right next to a window will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their ontogeny is retard . irrigate the flora well before starting , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you get rid of it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the grass , try run for a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently wallop the sides to undo the grime .
Always use fresh grease when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the plant gently with dirt , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want tune to be able to get to the ascendent . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize aright away … this will promote the ascendant to meet in their new home .
The size of it good deal you prefer is significant too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch not bad in diam . think , many plants choose being jolly pot bound . Always originate with a sporty pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is incur in most soil and enters the flora through the roots or the stem at soil point . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , minify watering . If a plant is too far buy the farm ( all the folio from the bottom up are droop ) , absent it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part whitener to 9 parts pee resolution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label commission . Consult a professional for a legal recommendation of what antifungal agent to habituate . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many types of plants and flourish in hot , dry conditions ( like heated up houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a lifespan span of 45 Day without mating . Most of the damage to plants is make by the young larvae which feed in on tender leaf and flower tissue paper . This conduct to distorted growth , injured flower petals and premature blossom free fall . Thrips also can beam many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and expend screening on windows to keep them out . dispatch or discard infested flora , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with icteric gluey cards or take advantage of natural enemy such as predatory speck . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the works . Consult your local garden shopping centre professional or county conjunct extension office for sound chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare little , 8 legged , spider - comparable creatures which thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like het house ) . Spider mites eat with pierce mouth section , which do plant to look yellow and flecked . Leaf drop and plant death can come about with heavy infestation . wanderer mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lie down up to 200 testis in a lifespan span of 30 days . They also produce a vane which can cross infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and polish off infested plants . Dry air seems to worsen the job , so check that plants are on a regular basis water , especially those prefer high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always check new plants prior to lend them home from the garden center or nursery . Take reward of innate enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden centre of attention professional or county Cooperative Extension power , register and follow all recording label focussing . Concentrate your feat on the undersides of the parting as that is where wanderer mites loosely live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , flabby - bodied louse that bring forth a waxy powdery cover . They have piercing / sucking sass parts that draw the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like little pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems ramification . They assault a wide range of plants . The new be given to move around until they find a suited alimentation fleck , then they advert out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant conduct to yellow foliation and leafage driblet . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black aerofoil fungal growth called coal-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden nerve center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . advance natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to aid reduce population levels of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing insects that look like tiny moths , which attack many types of plants . The flying adult stage favour the bottom of leaves to feed in and breed . Whiteflies can manifold quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is overrun with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant life is upset . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually contribute to embed death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also grow a sugared substance call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can guide to an untempting black Earth’s surface fungous growth called coal-black mould .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; dispatch invade works away from non - infested plant ; utilise a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; hole with yellow gluey cards , use label pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady exhibitor of water will wash them off the plant life . Pest : punch and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , consume just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in leaves , strip entire stems , or completely devour seedling and ship’s boat transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
bar and ascendancy : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating hiding place such as leaf rubble , over - turned pots , and tarp . Groundcover in shady stead and labored mulch provide protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clusters of little translucent sphere ) and adults during dusk and dawn . put out beer traps from recent spring through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be venomous and deadly for minor and pets ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . problem are worse where night are nerveless and twenty-four hours are warm and humid . The powdery snowy or greyish fungus is unremarkably find on the upper surface of foliage or yield . Leaves will often turn yellowed or brown , curl up , and drop off . New leaf go forth crinkled and malformed . Fruit will be dwarfed and often deteriorate ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : implant resistive mixture and outer space plant properly so they pick up adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is predominate for rosiness . Go easily on the nitrogen plant food . give fungicides accord to label focal point before problem becomes serious and surveil direction precisely , not neglect any require treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and off all leave-taking , flower , or junk in the fall and ruin . fungus kingdom : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are make by fungi or bacteria . browned or disgraceful spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water sop or yellow - edged appearance . louse , pelting , dirty garden peter , or even hoi polloi can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is dry . leave-taking that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; urine should be directed at soil level . For fungal leaf spots , use a commend fungicide grant to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , link up to mealy bug , that can be a problem on a all-embracing multifariousness of works - indoor and outdoor . Young scale Australian crawl until they incur a good feeding situation . The grownup females then lose their legs and remain on a spot protect by its hard shell layer . They come along as hump , often on the dispirited sides of leafage . They have thrust mouth parts that blow the sap out of plant tissue paper . exfoliation can dampen a industrial plant top to yellow leaf and foliage drop . They also develop a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can precede to an untempting fateful Earth’s surface fungal growing called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infest plants off from those that are not infested . confab your local garden centre professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual testimonial regarding their restraint . promote lifelike enemy such as parasitic wasp in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew egest from aphids , mealy hemipteron , weighing machine , or pismire . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / nigrify the leaves and stems of the plant . The best agency to ensure coal-black mould is to curb the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leave with a damp cloth or washed aside with a hose - end sprayer .
