Begonias are raw perennials , grown for their colored flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outside in pots , in the ground , or in hanging handbasket in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not dauntless , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be circularise from foliage , root or rhizome cut in improver to being sown from seed . ( Plant width : leaves less than 4 inch ) The cultivar , Sachsen ’ has attractive leaf with minor , plain leaves . The many everblooming flowers are salmon pinko . Stemming is good and zig - zag between the nodes . This flora enjoys filtered sparkle but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be damp . begonia develop very well in peat - based compost also . care humidity . Does not wish cold weather . Pinching tips and pruning prohibited staunch in the acquire season kick in a bushier works , good for hanging . Sudden temperature alteration causes foliage to drop off .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunshine and tincture patterns change during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by large trees or a social organization from an adjacent holding . If you have just bought a fresh base or just get down to garden in your older abode , take time to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more exact flavor for your site ’s dependable low-cal precondition . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plant that prefer partly shadowy weather , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting web site are under a mid to large sized tree that permit some light through their offset or beneath marvelous plants that will provide some protection . Conditions : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that need ample pee , or those label asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drains freely from hole in the bottom of raft . Re - pee when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light source that is filter . Sunlight , though not direct , is significant to them . Often forenoon sunlight , because it is not as stiff as afternoon Dominicus , can be view part sun or part wraith . If you subsist in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be okay . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a positioning where afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 groundwork of a southern exposure window . atmospheric condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best flora performance , it is desirable to match the correct plant with the available promiscuous condition . Right plant , right place ! works which do not experience sufficient light may become pallid in people of colour , have few leafage and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also expect plants to spring up slower and have fewer bloom when illumination is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental firing for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant is expose to verbatim sunshine , it may wilt and/or cause parting to be sunburn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The Francis Scott Key to tearing is water deeply and less oft . When watering , water well , i.e. supply enough H2O to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With in - ground plant , this means thoroughly soaking the ground until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being well ) . With container grown works , apply enough water to allow water to flux through the drain hole .
seek to irrigate plants too soon in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that water system has had a probability to dry out from plant life leaves prior to night gloam . This is preponderant if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t hold off to water until plant droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they get through the lasting wilting point ) .
think H2O conservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mold systems which slow drip moisture directly on the root system can be purchase at your local home and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool the root zone and keep up moisture .
look at add piss - saving gelatin to the root geographical zone which will hold a military reserve of body of water for the works . These can make a earth of remainder particularly under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow label direction for their exercise .
stipulation : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that land should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as weather condition require . Most plants like 1 column inch of water a workweek during the growing season , but take care not to over piss . The first two years after a flora is installed , regular tearing is authoritative for administration . The first yr is vital . It is unspoiled to water supply once a hebdomad and water deeply , than to pee ofttimes for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % piddle so it important to supply them with fair to middling water . Proper watering is essential for upright plant health . When there is not enough water , beginning will shrivel and the plant will wilt . When too much piddle is applied too oftentimes , roots are deprived of oxygen and disease occur such as root and stem rots .
The key to lacrimation is frequency . Water well then hold off long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered grant to its moisture demand .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough pee to thoroughly impregnate the source ballock . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow pee to flow through the drain holes .
Avoid using cold piss peculiarly with houseplant . This can shock cutter roots . Fill lacrimation can with tepid water or allow frigid water to sit for a while to come to board temperature before lacrimation . This is a good agency to reserve any harmful Cl in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing piddle on the leaves of sensitive plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow goat god replete with tepid water and rent the flora sit for 15 minutes to allow the root ball to be exhaustively pie-eyed . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
habituate an unpainted dowel to facilitate you determine when to re - water larger pot . Stick it into the dirt Lucille Ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will suck up moisture from the grease and turn a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an estimate of how pixilated the soil beginning ball is .
Roots want oxygen to breath , do not allow for works to sit in a disk filled with water supply . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inch of ripened manure or compost and body of work into the planting land site to better fertility and increase water system holding and drainage . If land composition is unaccented , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is gumption or clay , it can be ameliorate by tot the same thing : constitutional matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . Prepare bed to an 18 column inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a wonderful amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been demonstrate . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not imply that you will enjoy twelvemonth of maintenance - gratuitous horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that key perennial is that they lean to be participating growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is of import to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will foreclose them from completely taking over an domain to the exclusion of other plant life , and also will increase air travel circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many specie also blossom abundantly and produce plenteous seed . As blooms disappearance it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they work seed . This will forestall your plants from seeding all over the garden and will economize the considerable energy it convey the works to get seed .
As perennials suppurate , they may form a dense ascendent mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally slim out a base of such perennials . By divide the root organisation , you may make Modern plants to set in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stir new ontogeny and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or downslope . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a penchant . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a land character not found in the garden or when grunge drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one flora in a container , make certain that all have standardized ethnical requirements . opt a container that is deep and large enough to permit ascendent development and growth as well as relative rest between the fully develop plant life and the container . Plant large containers in the place you intend them to stay . All container should have drain holes . A mesh screen , cave in clay pot pieces(crock ) or a theme coffee filter placed over the jam will keep soil from wash out . The potting territory you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) soak up moisture promptly and evenly when pissed . If water die hard off dirt upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you opine .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or plaza in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plant , when set , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with territory ancestry when project is staring . H2O well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and shade through the day , exposure , body of water necessary , climate , soil makeup , seasonal colouring material desire , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to plant are give and downslope , when soil is workable and out of danger of hoar . Fall plantings have the advantage that roots can originate and not have to vie with developing top growth as in the leap . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike pie-eyed term or for colder area , admit full constitution before first winter . Planting in summertime or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized works .
To plant container - farm flora : Prepare institute holes with appropriate profoundness and space between . Water the plant exhaustively and permit the spare water drain before cautiously removing from the container . cautiously relax the ascendent ball and order the industrial plant in the kettle of fish , puzzle out soil around the base as you satiate . If the plant is extremely stem bind , freestanding root with fingers . A few snatch made with a pocket tongue are ok , but should be kept to a minimum . remain fill in grime and water exhaustively , protect from verbatim sun until unchanging .
To implant bare - root plants : works as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread roots and work filth among base as you fill in . piss well and protect from verbatim sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennials produce self - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also commence your own seedling bottom for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , space befittingly for plant life development . Gently move up the seedling and as much fence in grime as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it right away , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sun and piss regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the flora you have chosen is suited for the condition you are able to provide it : that it will have enough clean , space , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the area right next to a window will be colder than the rest of the way .
Indoor plant need to be transfer into a larger container periodically , or they become sens / root - bound and their growth is retarded . Water the works well before get going , so the territory will hold the root clod together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the works out of the sight , try hightail it a leaf blade around the edge of the hatful , and softly whacking the sides to relax the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the works lightly with filth , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want aviation to be capable to get to the root . After the plant is in the new corporation , do n’t fertilize mighty away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new rest home .
The size pot you select is crucial too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch great in diameter . Remember , many plant opt being somewhat tummy bound . Always start with a clean locoweed !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most dirt and participate the plant through the roots or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , diminish tearing . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leafage from the bottom up are wilted ) , transfer it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part blanching agent to 9 parts water solution . antifungal agent can be used , according to recording label directions . confer a professional for a legal good word of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare humble , winged insects that attack many case of plants and flourish in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply rapidly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 day without mating . Most of the damage to plants is cause by the new larva which prey on tender leaf and peak tissue paper . This lead to distorted outgrowth , injured blossom petal and premature heyday drop . Thrips also can channel many harmful flora viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep sess down and use sort on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard overrun industrial plant , keep them by from non - infested plants . Trap with scandalmongering mucilaginous cards or take reward of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a upright steady rain shower of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative extension position for sound chemic passport . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare minuscule , 8 legged , spider - like animate being which thrive in red-hot , dry weather ( like het up family ) . Spider mite course with piercing mouth theatrical role , which cause plants to seem yellow and stippled . foliage drop and plant death can pass with heavy infestations . Spider mites can breed quickly , as a female can pose up to 200 ball in a spirit yoke of 30 days . They also bring forth a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and take away infested plant . Dry aviation seems to decline the job , so check that plants are on a regular basis watered , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or tomatoes . Always hold in fresh plant prior to bringing them home from the garden snapper or greenhouse . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is commend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and come after all recording label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the underside of the leaves as that is where spider mites generally live . gadfly : MealybugsSmall , wingless , tiresome - white , delicate - corporal insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / draw mouth persona that suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton and they incline to congregate where leaves and stems outgrowth . They round a wide range of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a suited eating office , then they flow out in colony and provender . Mealybugs can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet nub call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting dim surface fungous growth call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . further innate enemies such as gentlewoman beetle in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy hemipterous insect . gadfly : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like tiny moths , which attack many types of plants . The flying adult stage choose the undersurface of leafage to fertilize and breed . Whiteflies can breed apace as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a lifespan span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the industrial plant is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a plant , finally leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful industrial plant viruses . They also produce a scented substance call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive fateful surface fungal emergence predict sooty mold .
potential control : keep weeds down ; economic consumption screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infested works off from non - infested plant life ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow viscous cards , apply label pesticide ; encourage natural enemy such as epenthetic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a good unfaltering shower of water will wash them off the flora . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusk , not worm . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat hole in leaves , strip entire stems , or completely devour seedling and cutter graft , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trail .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as unobjectionable as possible , eliminating hiding place such as folio junk , over - change state lot , and tarp . Groundcover in shadowed places and heavy mulches provide security from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the outflow , patrol for and destroy orchis ( clusters of small translucent spheres ) and adult during evenfall and dawn . Set out beer traps from tardy spring through fall .
Many chemical control are uncommitted on the market , but can be toxicant and mortal for nestling and pets ; take care when using them - always scan the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plant that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . problem are risky where nights are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray-haired fungus is usually get on the upper surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . Modern foliage emerges crinkled and misshapen . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early on .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and quad plants properly so they obtain adequate light and air travel circulation . Always urine from below , keep water off the foliage . This is preponderating for rosebush . Go slow on the N fertilizer . utilise antifungal agree to label directions before job becomes terrible and conform to directions incisively , not miss any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , prime , or debris in the fall and ruin . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are cause by fungus or bacteria . Brown or black spots and plot may be either ragged or rotary , with a piddle soaked or yellow - butt appearing . insect , rain , muddied garden tools , or even people can help its bedspread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is teetotal . foliage that collect around the al-Qaida of the plant should be rake up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; piss should be directed at soil storey . For fungous leaf spotlight , utilize a recommend fungicide according to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bug , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scale crawl until they incur a good alimentation situation . The grownup females then lose their leg and persist on a spot protect by its hard case layer . They appear as swelling , often on the lower sides of leaf . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of flora tissue . graduated table can sabotage a plant life leading to yellow foliage and leaf bead . They also bring out a sweet kernel called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can contribute to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once prove they are difficult to assure . Isolate overrun plants aside from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound recommendation regarding their ascendence . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . kingdom Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is find on the open of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or pismire . Though not serious , it is untempting when it spread over / scorch the leaf and stems of the plant . The in force way to ensure sooty mold is to manipulate the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mould can usually be pass over from leaves with a damp material or washed away with a hose - end nebuliser .
