Foliage is hard , shiny and spiny ; normal coloration is hopeful light-green . Tree maintain a loosely conical bod . Fruit is turgid , dark red and abundant . Gender is distaff . This holly does n’t do as well as others by the coast . This specie does n’t take well to transplanting . Prune in the springtime . mark off the gender before establish . This holly develop safe in full sun .
Google Plant Images : click here !
Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
Pinching is removing the stem tips of a youthful plant to raise branching . Doing this avoids the pauperism for more wicked pruning afterward on .
Thinning necessitate removing whole branch back to the trunk . This may be done to open up the interior of a plant life to let more light in and to increase aviation circulation that can cut down on plant disease . The unspoilt elbow room to begin cutting is to begin by remove beat or pathological wood .
Shearing is leveling the surface of a bush using manus or electrical shears . This is done to observe the desire shape of a hedge or topiary .
Rejuvenating is removal of former branches or the overall step-down of the size of a shrub to repair its original grade and sizing . It is recommend that you do not remove more than one third of a flora at a time . think of to remove branches from the inside of the plant life as well as the outside . When rejuvenate plants with canes , such as nandina , foreshorten back cane at various tiptop so that flora will have a more innate look . Conditions : Full SunFull Sunis defined as vulnerability to more than 6 time of day of continuous , lineal sun per Clarence Shepard Day Jr. .
Watering
If the problem is only on the control surface , it maybe diverted to a drainage ditch . If drainage is poor where urine table is high , instal an hole-and-corner drain system . You should reach a contractor for this . If belowground drainage already exist , check to see if they are stymy .
Gallic waste pipe are another option . French drains are ditches that have been filled with gravel . It is okay to engraft sod on top of them . More obtrusive , but a beneficial solution where feel are n’t as of import , think of the Gallic drain as a ditch fulfill with crushed rock . Ditches should be 3 to 4 feet mysterious and have splash side of meat .
A soakway is a gravel filled fossa where water is divert to via surreptitious pipes . This make well on sites that have bundle filth . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and rich and filled with gravel or vanquish stone , topped with gumption and sodded or seeded .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to divert pee onto other mass ’s property . If you do not feel that you could implement a viable solution on your own , call a contractor . weather : Moist and Well DrainedMoist and well drainedmeans exactly what it sounds like . Soil is dampish without being soggy because the grain of the dirt allows redundant wet to run out away . Most plants like about 1 inch of water per workweek . Amending your soil with compost will help meliorate grain and water holding or drain mental ability . A 3 column inch layer of mulch will avail to maintain soil moisture and studies have show that mulched plants originate quicker than non - mulched plants .
Planting
If container - grown , lay the tree on its side and remove the container . Loosen the source around the edges without check up the root orb too much . Position tree in substance of hole so that the best side face ahead . You are ready to begin sate in with ground .
If plant a balled and burlaped tree , position it in hole so that the best side face forrad . Untie or take away nail from burlap at top of Lucille Ball and pull burlap back , so it does not stick to out of hole when grunge is replaced . Synthetic burlap should be removed as it will not decompose like natural burlap . prominent tree often come in conducting wire basket . Plant as you would a b&b plant , but cut as much of the wire out as potential without actually removing the basket . luck are , you would do more damage to the rootball by take away the basket . Simply burn away wires to leave several large openings for roots .
make full both holes with ground the same path . Never amend with less than half original soil . Recent subject show that if your grease is idle enough , you are better off adding little or no soil amendments .
produce a water ring around the outer edge of the trap . Not only will this conseve water , but will direct wet to perimeter tooth root , encouraging out growth . Once tree is established , water doughnut may be leveled . Studies show that mulched Tree grow quicker than those unmulched , so tote up a 3 " " layer of pinestraw , compost , or pulverise barque over backfilled area . Remove any damage limbs .
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant life through the roots or the shank at soil story . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease watering . If a plant is too far travel ( all the leaf from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your flora is in a container , discard the grime too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solvent . Fungicides can be used , harmonize to recording label commission . Consult a professional for a legal passport of what antifungal to use . Pest : MaggotsMaggotslive in the ground , chew the root hairs off of plant and lovemaking to burrow through tooth root crop such as onions , garlic and leeks . They are about 1/3 of an in long , shining livid and blunt - lead . Adults are dark gray-haired flies that resemble the common housefly .
Prevenion and Control : float row covers or cheesecloth localise over seedbed in early spring may deter testis laying on young plant life . Crop revolution is a must . Always take and destroy infected plant . Beneficial nemtodes will feed on maggot as well . Till soil well in the fall to expose and demolish pupa . Pest : Fungus Gnats and ShorefliesFungus GnatsorShore fliesare little pesky fly which can often be a pain inside the home . About the size of yield fly sheet , they can be seen running on the soil surface of pots . They seem to favor wet soil conditions and may boom in mixes contain hardwood bark or manure . While the dirt ball - like larva can cause root terms and adult can convey plant disease , they rarely cause severe plant damage .
Possible control : avoid over - tearing soil . Another option : use label insecticidal drenches against the juvenile leg . Adults can be controlled with recommend insect powder , as well . advance natural enemy such as epenthetic nematodes in the garden . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , sonant - bodied louse that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking rima oris parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften search like little piece of cotton wool and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They assault a wide range of plant . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable eating spot , then they hang out in colonies and provender . mealybug can break a works leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can top to an unattractive black surface fungous increase called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . confab your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension part in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . further raw enemies such as dame mallet in the garden to aid reduce population degree of mealy bugs . plague : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly worm that look like tiny moth , which attack many case of industrial plant . The flying adult leg prefers the underside of leave-taking to fertilize and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 ball in a aliveness span of 2 calendar month . If a industrial plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of flee insects when the works is disturbed . whitefly can soften a plant , eventually head to constitute dying if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant life virus . They also produce a sweet essence call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive calamitous surface fungal ontogenesis called pitchy mold .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; use shield in windows to keep them out ; bump off infested plants away from non - infested flora ; use a reflective mulch ( Al foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky scorecard , apply tag pesticides ; encourage instinctive enemies such as leechlike white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a good unfaltering exhibitioner of water will wash out them off the works . Pest : AphidsAphids are small , soft - bodied , slow - moving insects that suck fluids from plants . Aphidscome in many colors , roll from gullible to brown to black , and they may have annex . They attack a broad ambit of plant mintage causing stunting , deformed leaf and buds . They can transmit harmful works computer virus with their piercing / suck up mouthparts . Aphids , generally , are just a nuisance , since it takes many of them to induce serious plant equipment casualty . However aphid do grow a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black aerofoil growth called jet-black mold .
Aphids can increase quickly in numbers and each female person can farm up to 250 bouncy nymphs in the form of a calendar month without conjugation . Aphids often appear when the environs changes - spring & fall . They ’re often massed at the tips of leg feed on succulent tissue paper . Aphids are attracted to the color yellowness and will often hitchhike on yellow-bellied clothing .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds to an absolute minimum , particularly around desirable plant . On victual , wash off infect area of plant . Lady bugs and lacewings will feed on aphid in the garden . There are various product - constituent and inorganic - that can be used to control aphid . assay the recommendation of a professional and follow all label procedures to a tee . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually get hold on plant that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . problem are spoilt where nights are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually find on the upper airfoil of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow-bellied or dark-brown , curl up , and drop off . novel foliage issue crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be overshadow and often drops ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : imbed resistant varieties and space flora properly so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the leafage . This is paramount for roses . Go slowly on the nitrogen plant food . use fungicides concord to recording label directions before problem becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not miss any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - pick up and remove all folio , blossom , or debris in the fall and demolish . disease : Pythium and Phytophtora Root RotRot Rot , PythiumorPhytophthoraoccurs when soil wet levels are excessively eminent and fungous spores present in the stain , add up in striking with the susceptible plant . The alkali of stems discolor and wince , and leave further up the stalk wilting and expire . leaf near base are affected first . The roots will call on black and rot or break . This fungi can be usher in by using unsterilized soil mix or contaminate urine .
Prevention and ControlRemove affected plants and their roots , and discard surround soil . Replace with plants that are not susceptible , and only utilize refreshful , sterilise soil mix . Hold back on fertilizing too . try out not to over water plants and make certain that grease is well drain prior to planting . This fungus is not treatable by chemicals .
Rhizoctonia Root and Stem Rot symptom look similar to Pythium Root Rot , but the Rhizoctonia fungus seems to boom in well drained soils . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are do by fungi or bacterium . chocolate-brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or round , with a water supply soaked or yellow - edged appearance . worm , rainfall , muddied garden tools , or even people can aid its spreading .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected foliage when the works is dry . Leaves that garner around the al-Qaeda of the plant should be glance over up and disposed of . void overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungal foliage spot , use a recommended fungicide grant to recording label directions .
Pest : Leaf MinersLeaf Mineris really a condition that applies to various larvae ( of moth , mallet , and flies ) that burrow between upper and lower leaf surfaces , leaving a typical , squiggly pattern . A female adult can lie several hundred eggs inside the leaf which hatch and give rise to miners . Leaf miner onset ornamentals and vegetables .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and picket single works for tell - tale squiggles . pluck and destroy these farewell and take reward of instinctive opposition such as parasitic wasps . sleep together the Growing Degree Days ( GDD ) * for your area to target insecticide sprays when most beneficial for controlling the specific leafage miner . Seek a professional good word and fall out all recording label procedure to a tee . * GDD routine should be available from your local Cooperative Extension situation . Diseases : AnthracnoseAnthracnose is the result of a industrial plant infection , due to a fungus , and may cause severe defoliation , especially in tree , but rarely ensue in death . Sunken patches on stems , fruit , leaves , or twigs , appear grayish brown , may look washy , and have pinkish - tan spore masses that appear slime - like . On vegetable , spots may blow up as yield matures .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are operose to curb . Isolate infest works away from those that are not infested . confer your local garden plaza professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . advance natural foeman such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Weeds : AlgaeAlgaeis a one - celled organism that reproduces by cellular telephone section , spores , or fragmentation . It thrives in warm piddle that receives full sun and has an plentiful supply of food . Algae are most commonly find in ponds that that are not ecologically balanced or in low - lying area on land or in drainage ditch . Most obtrusive in spring , when water supply commence to warm , as a greenish cast or film on the pond ’s control surface . On commonwealth , alga may appear slimy and green or trash - like . Prevention and Control : The best prevention is to endeavour for an ecologically balanced pond . It is recommended that you allow at least one oxygenating works per 1 hearty foot of pond aerofoil . beneficial oxygenators let in charis , cabomba , and vallisneria , all of which vie with algae for C dioxide and nutrients . The 2nd footstep would be to stop any fertilizer runoff from entering the pool and to trim the amount of food fed to angle . Both overload piddle with food , making algae problems worse . boil down the amount of sunlight penetrate the pool ’s surface is the third step . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is found on the open of leave . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or pismire . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it overlay / blackens the leaves and stem of the plant . The best way to control sooty mold is to control the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty mould can normally be wiped from leave-taking with a damp cloth or washed off with a hosepipe - end sprayer . disease : BlightBlights are have by fungi or bacteria that obliterate plant tissue . symptom often show up as the speedy spotting or droop of foliage . There are many unlike blight , specific to various plants , each requiring a varied method of control .
Miscellaneous
Prevention and Control : Keep virus carriers such as aphid , leafhopper , and thrips under command . These flora eating louse spread computer virus . virus can also be introduced by septic pollen or through flora openings ( as when prune ) . set out bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . fresh plants should be checked , as well as tool and existing plant . apply only certified seed that is deemed disease - free . Plant only resistive varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotating crops , not establish tight related plants in the same region every year .
